Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Humoral Immune Response Diversity to Different COVID-19 Vaccines: Implications for the “Green Pass” Policy

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.833085

Figure Lengend Snippet: Spearman’s correlation analysis of serum anti-receptor-binding domain (anti-RBD) antibody titers and neutralizing activity in 70 participants in the study (22 vaccinated with BNT162b2, 9 with mRNA-1273, 27 with ChAdOx1 nCov19, 9 with Ad26.COV2.S, 1 COVID-19 convalescent, and 2 with mixed vaccines). (A) Correlation plot of anti-RBD antibody titers versus neutralizing activity (percentage inhibition of RBD-ACE2 binding) assessed through the cPass™ ELISA-based assay. (B) Correlation plot of anti-RBD antibody titers versus neutralizing activity assessed through IgG/Neutralizing Antibody Rapid Test. (C) Correlation plot of neutralizing activity evaluated through cPass™ ELISA-based assay and IgG/Neutralizing Antibody Rapid Test cassettes. Trendlines, Spearman’s r , and p -values are also represented (statistical significance for p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: Some of them have high costs, require trained personnel, and can only be carried out in a Biosafety Safety Level 3-equipped laboratory, whereas others, such as the cPass surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ, USA) used in this work, are ELISA-based assays and only require optical density readers.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Activity Assay, Vaccines, Inhibition, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Humoral Immune Response Diversity to Different COVID-19 Vaccines: Implications for the “Green Pass” Policy

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.833085

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neutralizing activity evaluated by cPass™ ELISA-based SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit in 70 sera from differently vaccinated individuals. Serum samples were considered positive when ≥30% inhibition was measured, as shown by the red line in the graph. (A) Percentage inhibition of receptor-binding domain–angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (RBD-ACE2) binding within different vaccination groups (see also Table 3 ). Statistical significance was assessed by ANOVA following Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, ** p < 0.005, * p < 0.05. (B) Comparison of neutralizing activity in sera from individuals who received adenoviral DNA-based vaccines and mRNA-based vaccines. Statistical significance was assessed by unpaired t-test, * p = 0.0016.

Article Snippet: Some of them have high costs, require trained personnel, and can only be carried out in a Biosafety Safety Level 3-equipped laboratory, whereas others, such as the cPass surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ, USA) used in this work, are ELISA-based assays and only require optical density readers.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Neutralization, Inhibition, Binding Assay, Comparison, Vaccines

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Humoral Immune Response Diversity to Different COVID-19 Vaccines: Implications for the “Green Pass” Policy

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.833085

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mean neutralizing activity measured by the cPass™ ELISA-based assay in sera from 70 individuals who received different vaccines.

Article Snippet: Some of them have high costs, require trained personnel, and can only be carried out in a Biosafety Safety Level 3-equipped laboratory, whereas others, such as the cPass surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ, USA) used in this work, are ELISA-based assays and only require optical density readers.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Vaccines

Journal: International Journal of Obesity (2005)

Article Title: The majority of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in COVID-19 patients with obesity are autoimmune and not neutralizing

doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01016-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bars show means ± SE (standard errors) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific IgG antibodies (OD) measured by ELISA. Mean comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA ( F = 23.76, p = 0.0029). * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Neutralizing antibodies were measured by the cPass neutralization ELISA assay, a surrogate plaque reducing neutralization test (sVNT) using the DYNEX Agility® Automated ELISA system.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Obesity (2005)

Article Title: The majority of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in COVID-19 patients with obesity are autoimmune and not neutralizing

doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01016-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Neutralizing antibodies were measured by the cPass neutralization ELISA assay, a surrogate plaque reducing neutralization test (sVNT) using the DYNEX Agility® Automated ELISA system. This test allows the identification of neutralizing antibodies with high, medium, or low neutralization potential, corresponding to >5000, 1500–500, and <1500 U/mL, respectively. Bars show means ± SE (standard errors) of Spike-specific neutralizing IgG antibodies (U/mL). Mean comparisons between groups were performed by unpaired Student’s t test. **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Neutralizing antibodies were measured by the cPass neutralization ELISA assay, a surrogate plaque reducing neutralization test (sVNT) using the DYNEX Agility® Automated ELISA system.

Techniques: Neutralization, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Obesity (2005)

Article Title: The majority of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in COVID-19 patients with obesity are autoimmune and not neutralizing

doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01016-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bars show means ± SE (standard errors) of anti-MDA ( A ) and anti-AD ( B ) IgG antibodies measured by ELISA. Mean comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA. A ( F = 82.90, p < 0.0001). B ( F = 32.41, p = 0.049). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Neutralizing antibodies were measured by the cPass neutralization ELISA assay, a surrogate plaque reducing neutralization test (sVNT) using the DYNEX Agility® Automated ELISA system.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: International Journal of Obesity (2005)

Article Title: The majority of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies in COVID-19 patients with obesity are autoimmune and not neutralizing

doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-01016-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Bars show means ± SE (standard errors) of CRP serum levels measured by ELISA. Mean comparisons between groups were performed by unpaired Student’s t test. *** p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Neutralizing antibodies were measured by the cPass neutralization ELISA assay, a surrogate plaque reducing neutralization test (sVNT) using the DYNEX Agility® Automated ELISA system.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Clinical Virology

Article Title: Immunogenicity and safety of homologous and heterologous ChAdOx1-S and mRNA-1273 vaccinations in healthy adults in Taiwan

doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105156

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antibody titers of all participants and volunteers with different vaccination regimens. The whiskers denote the median (long) and the first and third interquadrant (short) values of all measurements. The analysis was done using Mann-Whitney U test. The vertical axes of Fig. 4 (A) and Fig. 4 (B) are scaled in a logarithmic manner. (A) Measurements by Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S, (B) Measurements by Abbott AdviseDX SARS-CoV-2 IgG II, (C) Measurements by GenScript cPass™ SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit.

Article Snippet: Most samples taken after vaccination showed a positive neutralizing ability using the GenScript cPass™ assay (≥ 30% inhibition), while the mRNA-1273/mRNA-1273 regimen seemed to induce stronger neutralization effect than ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S. Fig. 4 Individual trends in anti-RBD/S1 antibody levels in 7 sentinel study volunteers receiving ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S regimen, plotted with logarithmic vertical axis.

Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY, Neutralization

Journal: Journal of Clinical Virology

Article Title: Immunogenicity and safety of homologous and heterologous ChAdOx1-S and mRNA-1273 vaccinations in healthy adults in Taiwan

doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105156

Figure Lengend Snippet: Age-dependent anti-RBD/S1 antibody titers of different vaccination groups, measured by three different immunoassays (Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S, Abbott AdviseDX SARS-CoV-2 IgG II, GenScript cPass™ SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit). The whiskers denote the median (long) and the first and third interquadrant (short) values of all measurements. The analysis was done using Kruskal–Wallis test. Fig. 5 (A) to Fig. 5 (F) were plotted using logarithmic vertical axes. (A)(B)(C) Antibody titers of different age groups with ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S regimen, measured by Roche, Abbot, and GenScript assays, respectively. Antibody titers of different age groups with mRNA-1273/mRNA-1273 regimen, measured by Roche (D), Abbot (E), and GenScript (F) assay, respectively. Antibody titers of different age groups with ChAdOx1-S/mRNA-1273 regimen, measured by Roche (G), Abbot (H), and GenScript (I) assays, respectively.

Article Snippet: Most samples taken after vaccination showed a positive neutralizing ability using the GenScript cPass™ assay (≥ 30% inhibition), while the mRNA-1273/mRNA-1273 regimen seemed to induce stronger neutralization effect than ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S. Fig. 4 Individual trends in anti-RBD/S1 antibody levels in 7 sentinel study volunteers receiving ChAdOx1-S/ChAdOx1-S regimen, plotted with logarithmic vertical axis.

Techniques: Neutralization

Journal: Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Article Title: Evaluation of a Commercial Culture-Free Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus-2 and Comparison With an Antireceptor-Binding Domain Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab220

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of serial dilution on the accuracy for detecting sera with positive plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT)-90 titers. Serial dilution of 16 of the primary specimens with wild-type (WT) PRNT-50 titers ≥1:20 was performed to establish a dilution that increased specificity for detecting those with WT PRNT-90 titers ≥1:20. Three of the 19 specimens with WT PRNT-50 titers ≥1:20—all [PRNT-50 1:20 (+)/PRNT-90 1:20 (−)]—were not available in sufficient quantity to perform serial dilution testing. (A) shows individual data points according to dilution and WT PRNT-90 status (positive ≥1:20). Box plots depict the median and interquartile range. The horizontal dashed line depicts the manufacturer’s recommended cutoff for cPass positivity. (B) details results and estimates of sensitivity and specificity for serial dilution factor. All dilution factors are additional to the 10× dilution required in the manufacturer’s instructions. WT PRNT-90 denotes neutralization titers required for a 90% plaque reduction using severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 viral culture. FP, false positive; FN, false negative; TN, true negative; TP true positive.

Article Snippet: shows the estimated diagnostic accuracy of the GenScript cPass neutralization antibody detection assay among well characterized specimen panels, according to different reference standards.

Techniques: Serial Dilution, Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test, Neutralization

Journal: Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Article Title: Evaluation of a Commercial Culture-Free Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus-2 and Comparison With an Antireceptor-Binding Domain Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab220

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation of the GenScript cPass assay with antibodies against receptor binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (anti-S-RBD) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and PLV ID 50 . Correlation of the GenScript cPass assay with the anti-S-RBD ELISA normalized relative luciferase units (RLU) for each plasma tested at a dilution (1:500) is presented. Scatterplots and Pearson correlation coefficient for results obtained with cPass compared with those obtained using laboratory-developed ELISA detecting anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, IgA and to the reciprocal titer of PLV ID 50 (A, B, C, and D, respectively). The vertical dashed line depicts the manufacturer’s recommended cutoff for cPass positivity. Cutoffs for anti-S-RBD ELISA positivity were as follows:; 4.335 for IgG, 2.983 for IgM, and 1.084 for IgA. Cutoff for the reciprocal titer of PLV ID 50 was 50. Specimens from the NML panel 2 and Héma-Québec convalescent plasma donors panel are included in the above figure. Specimens from the NML panel no. 1 were excluded because anti-S-RBD ELISA for IgM and IgA were not performed.

Article Snippet: shows the estimated diagnostic accuracy of the GenScript cPass neutralization antibody detection assay among well characterized specimen panels, according to different reference standards.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Luciferase, Clinical Proteomics

Journal: Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Article Title: Evaluation of a Commercial Culture-Free Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus-2 and Comparison With an Antireceptor-Binding Domain Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofab220

Figure Lengend Snippet: Change of signal over time for GenScript cPass and antibodies against receptor binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 ([SARS-CoV-2] anti-RBD) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Spaghetti plot of results obtained with cPass (A), and the plots shown in B, C, and D represent (B and C) the areas under the curve (AUC) calculated from relative luciferase units (RLU) obtained with serial plasma dilutions or (D) the normalized RLU for 1 plasma dilution (1:500) for laboratory-developed ELISA detecting anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, and IgA (B, C, D, respectively) among specimens collected at a known interval from SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Horizontal lines indicate paired specimens form the same individual. P values are calculated via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and values <.05 are designated with an asterisk. In all panels, red dots denote specimens with positive cPass results, and blue dots denote specimens with negative cPass results. cPass positivity based on a cutoff of ≥30% inhibition. Cutoffs for anti-S-RBD ELISA positivity were as follows: 4.335 for IgG, 2.983 for IgM, and 1.084 for IgA.

Article Snippet: shows the estimated diagnostic accuracy of the GenScript cPass neutralization antibody detection assay among well characterized specimen panels, according to different reference standards.

Techniques: Binding Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Luciferase, Clinical Proteomics, Biomarker Discovery, Inhibition